Cool-season annual vine that is smooth and has a bluish-green waxy appearance. Vines can be up to 9 ft. long, however modern cultivars have shorter vines, about 2 ft. long. The stem is hollow, and the taller cultivars cannot climb without support. Austrian winter peas are the most common type of pea used as a green manure or cover crop because they are adapted to cold temperatures and fit in many rotations.
Peas are adapted to many soil types, but grow best on fertile, light-textured, well-drained soils (Hartmann et al., 1988; Elzebroek and Wind, 2008). Peas are sensitive to soil salinity and extreme acidity. The ideal soil pH range for pea production is 5.5 to 7.0.
Common Alternate Names: garden pea, field pea, spring pea, English pea, common pea, green pea (Pisum sativum L. ssp. sativum); Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum L. ssp. sativum var. arvense)
Uses
Cover Crop: Peas are grown as green manures and cover crops because they grow quickly and contribute nitrogen to the soil (Clark, 2007). Pea roots have nodules, formed by the bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum, which convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. Peas also produce an abundance of succulent vines that breakdown quickly and provide nitrogen (Sarrantonio, 1994, as cited by Clark, 2007).
Livestock: Peas are grown alone or with cereals for silage and green fodder (Elzebroek and Wind, 2008). Peas can also be grazed while in the field. Young Austrian winter pea plants will regrow after being grazed multiple times (Clark, 2007).
| Grow Height |
Cold Tolerance |
Minimum |
Planting Rate |
|
1-3′ |
Medium |
16″ |
Mix 10-30 lbs. Alone 60 lbs. |
| Weight | 1 lbs |
|---|---|
| Dimensions | 29 × 17 × 7 in |
| Size | 5 lbs., 10 lbs., 25 lbs., 50 lbs. |
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